200 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
200 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
<!--
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Copyright (C) Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
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SPDX-License-Identifier: curl
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-->
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# Building curl with Visual C++
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This document describes how to compile, build and install curl and libcurl
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from sources using the Visual C++ build tool. To build with VC++, you will of
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course have to first install VC++. The minimum required version of VC is 6
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(part of Visual Studio 6). However using a more recent version is strongly
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recommended.
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VC++ is also part of the Windows Platform SDK. You do not have to install the
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full Visual Studio or Visual C++ if all you want is to build curl.
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The latest Platform SDK can be downloaded freely from [Windows SDK and
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emulator
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archive](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/sdk-archive)
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## Prerequisites
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If you wish to support zlib, OpenSSL, c-ares, ssh2, you will have to download
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them separately and copy them to the `deps` directory as shown below:
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somedirectory\
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|_curl-src
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| |_winbuild
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|_deps
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|_ lib
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|_ include
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|_ bin
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It is also possible to create the `deps` directory in some other random places
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and tell the `Makefile` its location using the `WITH_DEVEL` option.
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## Building straight from git
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When you check out code git and build it, as opposed from a released source
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code archive, you need to first run the `buildconf.bat` batch file (present
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in the source code root directory) to set things up.
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## Open a command prompt
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Open a Visual Studio Command prompt:
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Using the **'Developer Command Prompt for VS [version]'** menu entry: where
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[version} is the Visual Studio version. The developer prompt at default uses
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the x86 mode. It is required to call `Vcvarsall.bat` to setup the prompt for
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the machine type you want. This type of command prompt may not exist in all
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Visual Studio versions.
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See also: [Developer Command Prompt for Visual
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Studio](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/tools/developer-command-prompt-for-vs)
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and [How to: Enable a 64-Bit, x64 hosted MSVC toolset on the command
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line](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/how-to-enable-a-64-bit-visual-cpp-toolset-on-the-command-line)
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Using the **'VS [version] [platform] [type] Command Prompt'** menu entry:
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where [version] is the Visual Studio version, [platform] is e.g. x64 and
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[type] Native of Cross platform build. This type of command prompt may not
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exist in all Visual Studio versions.
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See also: [Set the Path and Environment Variables for Command-Line Builds](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/building-on-the-command-line)
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## Build in the console
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Once you are in the console, go to the winbuild directory in the Curl
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sources:
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cd curl-src\winbuild
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Then you can call `nmake /f Makefile.vc` with the desired options (see
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below). The builds will be in the top src directory, `builds\` directory, in
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a directory named using the options given to the nmake call.
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nmake /f Makefile.vc mode=<static or dll> <options>
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where `<options>` is one or many of:
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- `VC=<num>` - VC version. 6 or later.
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- `WITH_DEVEL=<path>` - Paths for the development files (SSL, zlib, etc.)
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Defaults to sibling directory: `../deps`
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- `WITH_SSL=<dll/static>` - Enable OpenSSL support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_NGHTTP2=<dll/static>` - Enable HTTP/2 support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_MSH3=<dll/static>` - Enable (experimental) HTTP/3 support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_MBEDTLS=<dll/static>` - Enable mbedTLS support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_CARES=<dll/static>` - Enable c-ares support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_ZLIB=<dll/static>` - Enable zlib support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_SSH=<dll/static>` - Enable libSSH support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_SSH2=<dll/static>` - Enable libSSH2 support, DLL or static
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- `WITH_PREFIX=<dir>` - Where to install the build
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- `ENABLE_SSPI=<yes/no>` - Enable SSPI support, defaults to yes
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- `ENABLE_IPV6=<yes/no>` - Enable IPv6, defaults to yes
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- `ENABLE_IDN=<yes or no>` - Enable use of Windows IDN APIs, defaults to yes
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Requires Windows Vista or later
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- `ENABLE_SCHANNEL=<yes/no>` - Enable native Windows SSL support, defaults
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to yes if SSPI and no other SSL library
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- `ENABLE_OPENSSL_AUTO_LOAD_CONFIG=<yes/no>`
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- Enable loading OpenSSL configuration
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automatically, defaults to yes
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- `ENABLE_UNICODE=<yes/no>` - Enable UNICODE support, defaults to no
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- `GEN_PDB=<yes/no>` - Generate External Program Database
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(debug symbols for release build)
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- `DEBUG=<yes/no>` - Debug builds
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- `MACHINE=<x86/x64/arm64>` - Target architecture (default is x86)
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- `CARES_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for c-ares
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- `MBEDTLS_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for mbedTLS
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- `NGHTTP2_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for nghttp2
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- `MSH3_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for msh3
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- `SSH2_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for libSSH2
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- `SSL_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for OpenSSL
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- `ZLIB_PATH=<path>` - Custom path for zlib
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## Static linking of Microsoft's C runtime (CRT):
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If you are using mode=static nmake will create and link to the static build
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of libcurl but *not* the static CRT. If you must you can force nmake to link
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in the static CRT by passing `RTLIBCFG=static`. Typically you shouldn't use
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that option, and nmake will default to the DLL CRT. `RTLIBCFG` is rarely used
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and therefore rarely tested. When passing `RTLIBCFG` for a configuration that
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was already built but not with that option, or if the option was specified
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differently, you must destroy the build directory containing the
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configuration so that nmake can build it from scratch.
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This option is not recommended unless you have enough development experience
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to know how to match the runtime library for linking (that is, the CRT). If
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`RTLIBCFG=static` then release builds use `/MT` and debug builds use `/MTd`.
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## Building your own application with libcurl (Visual Studio example)
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When you build curl and libcurl, nmake will show the relative path where the
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output directory is. The output directory is named from the options nmake used
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when building. You may also see temp directories of the same name but with
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suffixes -obj-curl and -obj-lib.
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For example let's say you've built curl.exe and libcurl.dll from the Visual
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Studio 2010 x64 Win64 Command Prompt:
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nmake /f Makefile.vc mode=dll VC=10
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The output directory will have a name similar to
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`..\builds\libcurl-vc10-x64-release-dll-ipv6-sspi-schannel`.
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The output directory contains subdirectories bin, lib and include. Those are
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the directories to set in your Visual Studio project. You can either copy the
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output directory to your project or leave it in place. Following the example,
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let's assume you leave it in place and your curl top source directory is
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`C:\curl-7.82.0`. You would set these options for configurations using the
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x64 platform:
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~~~
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- Configuration Properties > Debugging > Environment
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PATH=C:\curl-7.82.0\builds\libcurl-vc10-x64-release-dll-ipv6-sspi-schannel\bin;%PATH%
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- C/C++ > General > Additional Include Directories
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C:\curl-7.82.0\builds\libcurl-vc10-x64-release-dll-ipv6-sspi-schannel\include;
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- Linker > General > Additional Library Directories
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C:\curl-7.82.0\builds\libcurl-vc10-x64-release-dll-ipv6-sspi-schannel\lib;
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- Linker > Input > Additional Dependencies
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libcurl.lib;
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~~~
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For configurations using the x86 platform (aka Win32 platform) you would
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need to make a separate x86 build of libcurl.
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If you build libcurl static (`mode=static`) or debug (`DEBUG=yes`) then the
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library name will vary and separate builds may be necessary for separate
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configurations of your project within the same platform. This is discussed in
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the next section.
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## Building your own application with a static libcurl
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When building an application that uses the static libcurl library on Windows,
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you must define `CURL_STATICLIB`. Otherwise the linker will look for dynamic
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import symbols.
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The static library name has an `_a` suffix in the basename and the debug
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library name has a `_debug` suffix in the basename. For example,
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`libcurl_a_debug.lib` is a static debug build of libcurl.
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You may need a separate build of libcurl for each VC configuration combination
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(for example: Debug|Win32, Debug|x64, Release|Win32, Release|x64).
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You must specify any additional dependencies needed by your build of static
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libcurl (for example:
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`advapi32.lib;crypt32.lib;normaliz.lib;ws2_32.lib;wldap32.lib`).
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## Legacy Windows and SSL
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When you build curl using the build files in this directory the default SSL
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backend will be Schannel (Windows SSPI), the native SSL library that comes
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with the Windows OS. Schannel in Windows <= XP is not able to connect to
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servers that no longer support the legacy handshakes and algorithms used by
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those versions. If you will be using curl in one of those earlier versions of
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Windows you should choose another SSL backend like OpenSSL.
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